ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF LINARIA RAMOSISSIMA (WALL) JANCH IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Keywords:
Anti-diabetic, Glibenclamide, Blood glucose, Acute oral toxicity, HistopathologyAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.)Janch as an antidiabetic agent in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by single intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) 60 mg/kg body weight. Animals with BGL more than 200 mg/dl, 48 hrs after STZ injection were considered as diabetic and were used for experiment. Hydroalcoholic extract of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.)Janch was administered for 21days. During treatment period daily food and water intake and weekly body weight and BGL were checked in each group of rats. Histopathology of pancreas was performed at the end of experiment.
Results: Mean food and water intake in diabetic group of rats increased as compared to normal control group. Administration of test drug (200mg/kg & 400mg/kg) significantly reduced water intake without significant reduction in food intake as compared to normal control group. Significant decrease in body weight was observed in diabetic group of rats, but administration of extract significantly improved the body weight. Elevated BGL observed in diabetic animals was significantly reduced by administration of extract.Blood glucose lowering effect of extract was confirmed by results of histopathology of pancreas.
Conclusion: The results of the studies confirmed the ethanomedicinal use of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.) Janch in treatment of diabetes by reducing BGL, improving parameters like food and water intake, body weight and regeneration of the islets of langerhans.
Downloads
References
Rao AS, Vijay Y, Deepthi T, Sri Lakshmi Ch, Rani V, Rani S et al. Anti diabetic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Ocimum sanctum in alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Int J Basic and Clin Pharmacol 2013;2:613-6.
Wan LS, Chen CP, Xiao ZQ, Wang YL, Min QX, Yue Y et al. In vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic activity of Swertia kouitchensis extract. J Ethnopharmacol 2013;3:622-30.
Weng Y, Yu L, Cui J, Zhu YR, Guo C, Wei G et al. Antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of total saponins extracted from Aralia taibaiensis in experimental type 2 diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2014;2:553-60.
Jain A, Jasmine, Sharma S, Saini V. Hypolipidemic, Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant potential of Saraca asoca ethanolic leaves extract in streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes. Int J Pharma and Pharma Sci 2013;5:302-05.
Kavitha KN, Dattatri AN. Experimental Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Swertia chirata-Aqurous Extract. J Pub Health Med Res 2013;1:71-5.
Ibrahim MA, Islam MS. Anti-diabetic effect of the acetone fraction of Senna singueana stem bark in a type 2 diabetes rat model. J Ethnopharmacol 2014;2:326-35.
Asha B, Krishnamurthy KH, Siddapadevaru. Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of Zingiber officinale in albino rats. J Chem Pharma Res 2011;3:452-56.
Sicree R, Shaw J, Zimmet P. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. 3 rd ed. Belgium:International Diabetes Federation;2006.
Gowri K, Elanchezhiyan C, Hemalatha S, Sartaj AA. Effect of Naringi crenulata extract on histopathological changes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Asian J Sci Technology 2013;4:136-39.
Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy:a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study. J Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:193-203.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus
Tahrani AA, Piya MK, Kennedy A, Barnett AH. Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes targets and new therapies. J Pharmacol Ther 2010;125:328-61.
13.Ezzat SM, Fathalla MH,Salah AG. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the methanol extracts of Cleome ramosissima Parl.,Barleria bispinosa Vahl. and Tribulus macropterus. J Boiss Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University 2013:1-7.
Venkatesh S, Reddy GD, Reddy BM, Ramesh M, Rao AV. Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma attenuata. J Fitoterapia 2003;74:274-9.
Yasodamma N, Shanthi KS Alekhya C. Antidiabetic activity of Sebastiania chamaelea Muell.ARG. leaf extracts in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5:577-83.
Senthilkumar MK, Sivakumar P, Faisal Changanakkattil, Rajesh V, Perumal P. Evaluation of Anti-diabetic activity of Bambusa vulgaris leaves in Streptozotocin induced Diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res 2011;3:208-10.
Adaramoye OA, Adeyemi EO. Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidaemic effects of fraction from kolsviron,a biflavonoid complex from Garcinia Kola in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006;58:121-26.
Punitha R, Vasudevan K, Manoharan S. Effect of Pongamia pinnata flowers on blood glucose and oxidative stress in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2006;38:62-63.
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian medicinal Plants. 2nd ed. Dehra Dun:International book distributors;2005.
Pandya PN, Aghera HB, Ashok BK. Pharmacological study of Diuretic activity of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.) Janch leaves in albino rats. J AYU 2012;33:576-8.
Bole P V, Pathak JM. Flora of Saurashtra. The Director Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi:Deep Printer;1988.
OECD, Guideline 423 Acute oral toxicity:Environmental Health and Safety Monograph series on Testing and Assessment No.24 (2000)
Rajalakshmi M. Anti-diabetic properties of Tinospora cordifolia stem extracts on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2009;5:171-80.
Das PK, Bhattacharya S, Pandey JN, Biswas M. Antidiabetic activity of Trapa natans fruit peel extract against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Global J Pharmacol 2011;5:186-90.
Szkudelski T. The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in β-cell of the rat pancreas. J Physiol Res 2001;50:536-46.
Daisy P, Jeevakani FG. Evaluation of Antidiabetic activity of various extracts of Cassia auriculata Linn. bark on streptozotocin induced diabetic wistar rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;4:312-8.
Ahmed F, Urooj A. Antidiabetic activity of Ficus glomerata stem bark in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Global J Pharmacol 2008;2:41-5.
Cohen RM, Haggerty S, Herman WH. HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes is it time for a mild-course correction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:5203-06.
Banerjee S, Singh H, Chatterjee TK. Evaluation of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of methanolic extract of Juniperus communis(L.) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2013;4:10-7.
Roy S, Sehgal, Padhy BM, Kumar VL. Antioxidant and protective effect of latex of Calotropis procera against alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;102:470-73.
Shirwaikar A, Rajendran K, Barik R. Effect of aqueous bark extract of Garuga pinnata Roxb. in steptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-II diabetes mellitus. J Ethnopharmacol 2006;107:285-90.
Chakraborty U, Das H. Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Cinnamomum tamala leaf extracts in STZ-treated diabetic rats. Global J Biotech Biochem 2010;5:12-18
Palanivel V, Mohammed S, Senthil kumar KL. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of Momordica tuberosa unripe fruit extract on diabetic induced rats. Int J Advanced Pharm Genuine Res 2013;1:33-40.
Rahman NN, Khan M, Hasan R. Bioactive components from Ficus glomerata. J Pure and Applied Chemistry 1994;66:2287.
Venkateshwarlu E, Sharvana Bhava BS, Reddy PR, Mahathi K. Evaluation of antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity of Pseudarthria viscida (whole plant) in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced type II diabetic rats. Global J Pharmacol 2013;7:192-7.
Onoagbe IO, Negbenebor EO, Ogbeide VO, Dawha IH, Attah V, Omonkhua AA. A study of the antidiabetic effects of Urena lobata and Sphenostylis stenocarpa in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. European J Scientific Res 2010;43:6-14.
Gupta R, Kumar D, Chaudhary AK, Singh R, Maithani M. Antidiabetic activity of Passiflora incarnata Linn. in streptozotocin induced diabetes in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2012;139:801-06.
Loew D and Kaszkin M. Approaching the problem of bioequivalence of herbal medicinal products. Phytother Res 2002;16:705-11.
Jaiswal D, Rai PK and Watal G. Antidiabetic effect of Withania coagulans in experimental rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2009;24:88-93.
Wollenweber LE, Cody V, Middletone EJ, Harborne JB, Bertz A. Plant flavonoid in biological and medicinal:biochemical, cellular and medicinal properties. Progress in Clin Biological Res 1988;280:1-461.
Saraf S, Ashawat MS, Saraf S. Flavonoids:a nutritional protection against oxidative and UV induced cellular damages. Phcog Rev 2007;1:30-40.
Bhattacharya S. Are we in the polyphenol era ? J Phcog Res 2011;3:47.
Siyem D, Syngai G, Khup PZ, Khongwir BS, Kayang H. Hypoglycemic effects of Potentilla fulgens L.in normal and alloxan diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;83:55-61.
Chakravarthy BK, Gupta S, Gode KH. Functional cell regeneration in the islets of pancreas in alloxan induced diabetic rats by (-) epicetechin. J Life Science 1982;13:2693-97.
Emilien G, Maloteaux JM, Ponchon M. Pharmacological management of diabetes:recent progress and future perspective in daily drug treatment. J Pharmacol Ther 1999;81:37-51.
Jelodar G, Mohsen M, Shahram S. Effect of juglans regia (walnut leaf)L.,Coriander and Pomegranate on blood glucose and histopathology of pancreas of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Afr J Trad CAM 2007;4:299-305.
Yazdanparast R, Eslami MA, Ashrafi HJ. Teucrium polium extract effects pancreatic function of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Iranian Biomed J 2005;9:81-5.