A STUDY ON PHYTOCHEMICALS, FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF ALLIUM SATIVUM (GARLIC) CLOVES

Authors

  • B. J. Divya Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi 517502, Andhra Pradesh
  • B. Suman Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi 517502, Andhra Pradesh
  • M. Venkataswamy Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi 517502, Andhra Pradesh
  • K. Thyagaraju Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi 517502, Andhra Pradesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017.v9i3.18888

Keywords:

Alkaloid, Flavanoid, Glycoside, Phenolic compound, Terpenoid, FTIR, ICPOES, Allium sativum

Abstract

Objective: The present study on garlic cloves (Allium sativum) belongs to family Amaryllidaceae has been focused. This is a natural medicinal plant used for disease preventions against all kinds of internal infections. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals has found plenty of secondary metabolites which are present in garlic cloves. Their functional groups and mineral compositions, the potential of trace elements have been evaluated using FTIR and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICPOES).

Methods: The screening of phytochemicals, FTIR and ICPOES. All the methods were performed by standard protocols.

Results: The phytochemical screening of plant extracts of hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water revealed the presence of steroids, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids and carbohydrates. The results of the methanolic extract of A. sativum analysis showed rich bioactive compounds. The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed characteristic peak values from 3500-1000 cm-1 for various functional compounds like hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic and organosulfur and aromatic compounds in the garlic methanolic extract. The elements present in the garlic play an important role in the treatment of various diseases described in the traditional medicinal system. The elemental analysis was carried out on garlic methanolic extract using the ICP-OES technique and it showed the order of abundance as K>P>Mg>Ca>Zn>Al that could enhance the curative process of ill health and the potentially toxic elements were not detected.

Conclusion: Thus our data on garlic shows a great importance to understand the pharmacological actions and therapeutic efficacy possessed by majority of active compounds.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ncube NS, Afolayan AJ, Okoh AI. Assessment techniques of antimicrobial properties of natural compounds of plant origin: current methods and future trends. Afr J Biotechnol 2008;7:1797-806.

Doss A. Preliminary phytochemical screening of some Indian medicinal plants. Anc Sci Life 2009;29:12-6.

Nostro A, Germanò MP, D'angelo V, Marino A, Cannatelli MA. Extraction methods and bioautography for evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity. Lett Appl Microbiol 2000;30:379-84.

Ngari EW, Chiuri LW, Kariuki ST, Huckett S. Ethnomedicine of ogiek of river njoro watershed. Ethnobot Res Applications 2010;8:135-52.

Lewis W, Elvin-Lewis M. Medical Botany: Plants Affecting Human Health. 2nd Edn. Wiley and sons, New York; 2003.

Joshua Adamu Tende, Joseph Olusegun Ayo, Aliyu Mohammed, Abdulkadir Umar Zezi. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts on haemato-biochemical parameters and liver enzyme activities in Wistar rats. Int J Nutr Food Sci 2014;3:380-6.

Wichtl M. Herbal drugs and phytopharmaceuticals, A hand book for practice on a scientific basis. 3rd Edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2004.

Williamson E. Potter’s Herbal Cyclopaedia. Saffron Walden, Essex: London: CW Daniel Co; 2003.

Gruenwald J. The medical economics team PDR physicans desk reference team. Eds. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 3rd Edn. Montvale, NJ: Thomson PDR; 2004.

Trease GE, Evans WC. Textbook of pharmacognosy. 12th Edition. Bailliere Tindall, London; 1983. p. 21-2.

Harbourne JB. Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. Third Edition. Chapman and Hall, New York; 1998.

Marin Senila, Andreja Drolc, Albin Pintar, Lacrimioara Senila, Erika Levei. Validation and measurement uncertainty evaluation of the ICP-OES method for the multi-elemental determination of essential and nonessential elements from medicinal plants and their aqueous extracts. J Anal Sci Technol 2014;5:1-9.

Mikail HG. Phytochemical screening, elemental analysis and acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Allium sativum L. bulbs in experimental rabbits. J Med Plants Res 2010;4:322-6.

Baysal A. Fundamentals of nutrition, HatipoÄŸlu Press: Ankara in Turkish; 2002.

Bartowska J, Litwinczuk Z, Krol J, Kedzierska-Matysek M. Fatty acid profile and minerals content in milk from cows of various breeds over spring-summer feeding period. Pol J Food Nutr Sci 2006;15:13-6.

Cashman KD. Milk minerals (including trace elements) and bone health. Int Dairy J 2006;16:1389-98.

Zamberlin S, Antunac N, Havranek J, Samarzija D. Mineral elements in milk and dairy products. Mljekarstvo 2012;62:111-25.

Aparna Saraf, Aruna Samant. Evaluation of some minerals and trace elements in Achyranthes aspera Linn. Int J Pharma Sci 2013;3:229-33.

Haug A, Hostmark AT, Harstad OM. Bovine milk in the human nutrition-a review. Lipids Health Dis 2007;6:25.

Soyeurt H, Bruwier D, Romnee JM, Gengler N, Bertozzi C, Veselko D, et al. Potential estimation of major mineral contents in cow milk using mid-infrared spectrometry. J Dairy Sci 2009;92:2444-54.

Rastogi L, Arunachalam J. Sunlight based irradiation strategy for the rapid green synthesis of highly stable silver nanoparticles using aqueous garlic (Allium sativum) extract and their antibacterial potential. Materials Chem Physics 2011;129:558–63.

Songsungkan J, Chanthai S. Determination of synergic antioxidant activity of the methanol/ethanol extract of allicin in the presence of total phenolics obtained from the garlic capsule compared with fresh and baked garlic clove. Int Food Res J 2014;21:2377-85.

Published

05-05-2017

How to Cite

Divya, B. J., B. Suman, M. Venkataswamy, and K. Thyagaraju. “A STUDY ON PHYTOCHEMICALS, FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF ALLIUM SATIVUM (GARLIC) CLOVES”. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2017, pp. 42-45, doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2017.v9i3.18888.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)