TY - JOUR AU - SHARMA, KHAGA RAJ AU - RANA, KHEMINDRA PY - 2020/05/15 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME SELECTED NEPALESE MEDICINAL PLANTS AND ISOLATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FROM CALLICARPA MACROPHYLLA JF - International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research JA - Int J Curr Pharm Sci VL - 12 IS - 3 SE - Original Article(s) DO - 10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i3.38314 UR - https://journals.innovareacademics.in/index.php/ijcpr/article/view/38314 SP - 91-98 AB - <p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main objectives of this study was to analyze the phytochemicals, determine the total flavonoid content, brine shrimp toxicity, antibacterial activity, evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic activities of nine medicinal plants <em>Callicarpamacrophylla, Bauhinia purpurea, Plumeriarubra, Girardiniadiversifolia, Acacia nilotica, Woodfordiafruticosa (Bark) Woodfordiafruticosa (flower), Terminaliaalata, </em>and <em>Premnabarbata. </em></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cold percolation method was adopted for the extraction of secondary metabolites in methanol. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed by colour differentiation methods. The radical scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antidiabetic activity was performed by α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity. The chemical constituent was isolated by column chromatography from the biologically active plant fraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phytochemical investigation has shown plants are the rich source of secondary metabolites as quinones, saponins, terpenoids and glycosides. Among the nine tested plants, <em>Terminaliaatalia</em> showed the highest radical scavenging activity 96.41±0.47 with IC<sub>50 </sub>value 6.353 µg/ml, followed by <em>Girardiniadiversifolia</em> 97.26±0.67 with IC<sub>50 </sub>value 11.52 µg/ml whereas ascorbic acid has 39.85 µg/ml as standard. <em>Bauhinia purpurea</em> showed significant inhibition to the α-amylase enzyme having inhibitory concentration IC<sub>50</sub> 17.05±13.00 SD in a dose-dependent manner. <em>Woodfordiafruticosa</em> demonstrated significant toxicity to <em>A. salina</em> with LC<sub>50 </sub>value of 457.08 µg/ml. <em>Callicarpamacrophylla</em> bark showed a potential inhibitory activity against the growth of <em>Straphylococcusaureus</em> as compared to standard chloramphenicol. Active plant extract of <em>Callicarpamacrophylla</em> was subjected for column chromatography. Conclusion: Out of nine plant samples <em>Terminaliaatalia</em> showed the highest radical scavenging activity. The plant extract of <em>Bauhinia purpurea</em> showed significant inhibition to the α-amylase enzyme inhibition. <em>Woodfordiafruticosa</em> demonstrated significant toxicity to <em>A. salina, </em>whereas <em>Callicarpamacrophylla</em> showed the potent antibacterial activity. The active plant extract was subjected for column chromatography and different fractions were collected in solvent polarity basis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The phytochemical investigations showed that plant extracts are the rich sources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, polyphenols, coumarins and reducing sugars which showed they are supposed to be responsible for different biological activities. IC<sub>50 </sub>values showed the varied degree of antioxidant property of which <em>Plumeriarubra </em>and <em>Acacia nilotica </em>exhibit good antioxidant property with IC<sub>50</sub> value close to the standard ascorbic acid.</p> ER -