POTENTIAL ROLE OF MILK THISTLE SEED AND ITS OIL EXTRACTS AGAINST HEART AND BRAIN INJURIES INDUCED BY Î³-RADIATION EXPOSURE

Nohair H. Sherif; Asrar M. Hawas; Walid E. Abdallah; Ibrahim A. Saleh; Khaled A. Shams; Faiza M. Hammouda

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.18046

Authors

Nohair H. Sherif Drug Radiation Research Dept., National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, 3 Ahmed El Zomor st., El-Zohour Region, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Asrar M. Hawas Drug Radiation Research Dept., National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, 3 Ahmed El Zomor st., El-Zohour Region, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Walid E. Abdallah Phytochemistry Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Ibrahim A. Saleh Phytochemistry Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Khaled A. Shams Phytochemistry Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Faiza M. Hammouda Phytochemistry Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.18046

Keywords:

Silybum marianum, Nil, Heart, Brain, Female rats

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Silybum marianum (S. marianum) seeds extract its oil fraction against damage effect of Î³-radiation in female albino rats.

Methods: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for the extraction of S. marianum seeds. Lipid patterns of S. marianum seeds oil were elucidated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). S. marianum seeds extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) were estimated in heart and brain tissues of the examined rats. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) were measured in the serum of the examined rats, and the brain biomarkers; dopamine and serotonin were also measured.

Results: The oil was found to be rich in linoleic acid (58.20%) and arachidic acid (23.38%). S. marianum seeds extract revealed the presence of taxifolin and six main active constituents of silymarin, including silydianin, silychristin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B. Treatment of Î³-radiation damage effect using S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction led to a significant reduction of MDA levels in heart (139.6 and 165.5 nmol/g, respectively) and brain (158.5 and 135.2 nmol/g, respectively) tissues, however, significant increase of GSH levels in heart (316.4 and 293 mg/g, respectively) and brain (210.4 and 227 mg/g, respectively) tissues was observed, also a significant increase of dopamine levels (85.27 and 65.74 ng/g, respectively) and MT levels of heart tissues (108.5 and 70.52 mg/g, respectively) was observed.

Conclusion: S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction showed a protective effect against Î³-radiation-induced damage in heart and brain.

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