ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC EFFECTS OF SONNERATIA ALBA FRUIT EXTRACT IN ATHEROSCLEROTIC-INDUCED RATS

HURIATUL MASDAR; MUHAMMAD YULIS HAMIDY; DARMAWI; RIZFAN TRIHARDI; ANDHIKA PERWIRA; DELVI UTARI

HURIATUL MASDAR Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia
MUHAMMAD YULIS HAMIDY Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia
DARMAWI Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia
RIZFAN TRIHARDI Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia
ANDHIKA PERWIRA Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia
DELVI UTARI Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, Indonesia

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the potential of Sonneratia alba fruit extract to prevent atherosclerosis formation.

Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into standard or negative control (S), positive control (P) and treatment (T) groups. Atherosclerosis was induced in groups P and T by orally administering a single dose of Vitamin D3 and a high-fat diet for three days. Sonneratia alba fruit extract was given to the T-group for three days. Lipids were enzymatically measured and foam cells were counted in 10 fields of a microscopic view of the abdominal aorta.

Results: This study showed higher cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels in the T-group, compared to the other groups. The average number of foam cells in the S-, P-and T-groups were 11.8±3.3 cells, 21.2±2.2 cells and 11.7±2.9 cells, respectively. Statistical analysis with One-Way Anova showed a significant difference in the average number of foam cells (p = 0.042). Further analysis showed a significant difference in the average number of foam cells in groups S with P (p = 0.041) and P with T (p = 0.024).

Conclusion: Sonneratia alba fruit extract showed a potential effect to inhibit atherosclerosis process but could not suppress lipid levels in the blood.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Foam Cells, Lipid, Mangrove, Sonneratia alba

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