ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PIPER BETLE L. LEAVES IN CATFISH, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i3.22393Keywords:
Piper betle L, Clarias gariepinus, Acarbose, Antioxidant activityAbstract
 Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the α-amylase inhibitory activity and antidiabetic experimental catfish model and antioxidant properties of Piper betle L. ethanolic (PBE) extract.
Methods: The phytochemical analysis of PBE extract was performed. The PBE extract was tested for their inhibitory effect on the α-amylase assay, which compared to the control, acarbose. The absorbance was read at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer, and IC50 values were calculated. In this present investigation, diabetes mellitus was induced in catfish, Clarias gariepinus by epaxial musculature injection to glucose and standard drug, Metformin hydrochloride. After 24-h incubation, the treated fishes were dissected, and the blood, liver, tissue samples, and epaxial musculature regions were collected. In addition, the antioxidant properties of PBE were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging (ABTS) assays.
Results: The phytochemical screening of PBE revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, phenol, glycosides, sterols, saponins, and quinines. Furthermore, the values of (μg/ml) 3.038 and 7.672 α-amylase enzyme inhibition were excellent activity when compared to the acarbose. Moreover, elevated the glucose level (mg/dl) was estimated in blood 1.9±0.35, liver 0.5±0.25, tissue 0.2±0.25, and epaxial musculature 0.8±0.2 after 24-h incubation. The antioxidant effect of maximum activity was found in PBE; IC50 values (μg/ml) of DPPH and ABTS were 9.362 and 6.606, respectively.
Conclusions: These studies might be responsible for the P. betle L. that was used as the new source of antidiabetic and antioxidant agents.
Â
Downloads
References
Hashempur MH, Heydari M, Mosavat SH, Heydari ST, Shams M. Complementary and alternative medicine use in Iranian patients with diabetes mellitus. J Integr Med 2015;13:319-25.
Zhang Q, Xiao X, Li M, Li W, Yu M, Zhang H. Chromium-containing traditional Chinese medicine, Tianmai Xiaoke Tablet improves blood glucose through activating insulin-signalling pathway and inhibiting PTP1B and PCK2 in diabetic rats. J Integrat Med 2014;12:162-70.
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2010;33:62-9.
Kaul K, Tarr JM, Ahmad SI, Kohner EM, Chibber R. Introduction to diabetes mellitus. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012;978:4614-5441.
Moller DE. New drug targets for Type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Nature 2001;414:821-7.
Rees DA, Alcolado JC. Animal models of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Med 2004;22:359-70.
Srinivasan K, Ramarao P. Animal models in Type 2 diabetes research: An overview. Indian J Med Res 2007;125:451-72.
Etuk EU. Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus. Agric Biol J N Am 2010;1:130-4.
Viana GS, Medeiros AC, Lacerda AM, Leal LK, Vale TG, Matos FJ, et al. Hypoglycemic and anti-lipemic effects of the aqueous extract from Cissus sicyoides. BMC Pharmacol 2004;4:9.
Bhattacharya S, Banerjee D, Bauri AK, Chattopadhyay S, Bandyopadhyay SK. Healing property of the piper betel phenol, allylpyrocatechol against indomethacin-induced stomach ulceration and mechanism of action. World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:3705-13.
Satish AB, Deepa RV, Rohan VG, Nikhil CT, Yatin YR, Vinodkumar SD. Phytochemistry, pharmacological profile and therapeutic uses of Piper betle Linn.-An overview. J Pharm Phytochem 2013;1:10-9.
Arambewela LS, Arawwawala LD, Ratnasooriya WD. Antinociceptive activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Piper betle leaves in rats. Pharm Biol 2005;43:766-72.
Jayalakshmia B, Raveesha KA, Muralic M, Amruthesh KN. Phytochemical, antibacterial and antioxidant studies on leaf extracts of Piper betle L. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:1-7.
Abhinayani G, Naga Kishore R, Benazir F, Agarwal P. Anti-diabetic activity of Epipremnum aureum.L in normal and alloxan-induced. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2016;9:1-4.
Long, David G. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh No. 1753. 1:28. Available from: http://www.data.rbge.org.uk/herb/E00313763.
Bhatt SD, Bora PS. Effects of some drugs on islet function in catfish. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1984;28:200-5.
William EN. Catalog of Fishes ed. California, USA: Research and Information; 1998. p. 1-3.
Teugels GG. A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann Mus R Afr Centr Sci Zool 1986;247:199-248.
Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods.1st ed. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd.; 1973. p. 49-88.
Fei Q, Gao Y, Zhang X, Sun Y, Hu B, Zhou L. Effects of oolong tea polyphenols, EGCG, and EGCG3 me on pancreatic α-amylase activity in vitro. J Agric Food Chem 2014;62:9507-14.
Praful BG. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology. India: Bhalani; 1994. p. 108-11.
Liyana-Pathirana CM, Shahidi F. Antioxidant activity of commercial soft and hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by gastric pH conditions. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:2433-40.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C, et al. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;26:1231-7.
Rekha VP, Manideep K, Srinivasa BR, Bharath Y, Krishna KP. A review on Piper betle L.: Nature’s promising medicinal reservoir. Am J Ethnomed 2014;1:276-89.
Bhattacharya S, Subramanian M, Bauri A, Kamat JP. Radioprotecting property of the ethonolic extract of the Piper betel leaf. J Radiat Res 2005;46:165-71.
Narkhede MB, Ajimire PV, Wagh AE, Mohan M, Shivashanmugam AT. In vitro antidiabetic activity of Caesalpina digyna (R.) methanol root extract. Asian J Plant Sci Res 2011;1:101-6.
Arambewela LS, Arawwawala LD, Ratnasooriya WD. Antidiabetic activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Piper betle leaves in rats. J Ethnopharm 2005;102:239-45.
Manikandan R, Anand AV, Muthumani GD. Phytochemical and in vitro anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 2013;2:15-9.
Eunji S, Bin NH, Tong HK. An optimal establishment of an acute hyperglycemia zebrafish model. Afr J Pharm Pharm 2012;6:2922-8.
Rupali S, Chhaya SS, Karmarkar SM, Bhagwat AM. Antihyperglycaemic effects of herbal extracts on alloxan induced hyperglycaemic mice. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011;3:307-10.
Kaleem M, Sheema H, Sarmad H, Bano B. Protective effects of Piper nigrum and Vinca rosea in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005;49:65-71.
Jaiswal SG, Patel M, Saxena DK, Naik SN. Antioxidant properties of Piper betel (L) leaf extract from six different geographical domain in India. J Bioresour Eng Technol 2014;2:12-20.
Gowhar AS, Tajamul IS, Sanjay T. Evaluation of bioactive constituents and in-vitro antioxidant activity of different extracts of Piper betle L. Leaves. World J Pharm Res 2015;4:2259-69.
Palak T, Nathiya R, Gayathri M. Antidiabetic activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Ficus religiosa. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:4.
Monirul KI, Amran MH, Gopal CK, Israt JB, Rajib A. Free radical scavenging activity of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Piper betle Linn. Libyan Agric Res Center J Int 2010;1:384-7.
Nur MM, Kanthimathi MS, Azlina AA. Comparisons between the antioxidant activities of the extracts of Anacardium occidentale and Piper betle. Malay J Biochem Mol Biol 2008;16:16-21.
Bhuvaneswari S, Sripriya N, Deepa S, Udaya Prakash NK. Studies on antioxidant activities of six cultivars of Piper betle linn. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:1-4.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
