PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF PIPER BETLE LINN LEAF

Authors

  • Sapna Saini Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001. Haryana. India
  • Anju Dhiman
  • Sanju Nanda

Keywords:

Epidermis, Mesophyll cells, Microscopy, Piperaceae, Piper betle, Standardization

Abstract

Objective: The present work has been done to establish various pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical parameters of the leaf of Piper betle Linn. (Bangla variety) belonging to family Piperaceae. This could serve as a measure of authentication and quality control of the crude drug.

Methods: Organoleptic, anatomical, microscopic, physicochemical analysis and preliminary phytochemical investigation of leaves were performed. Petroleum ether (40-60 °C), chloroform, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of P. betle dried leaves powder were prepared by using continuous hot percolation technique for phytochemical screening.

Results: Presence of cyclocytic stomata and abundant secretory cells in mesophyll cells are main diagnostic characters of the leaf. Various physicochemical parameters like ash values and extractive values were determined. Phytochemical investigation of an ethanolic and aqueous extract of leaves showed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, phytosterols, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oil, tannins and phenols. However, petroleum ether and chloroform extract of leaves showed positive tests only for phytosterols and alkaloids.

Conclusion: Study of various macroscopic, histological characters and physicochemical constants can serve as a rapid, effective, inexpensive method for identification and standardization of P. betle Linn leaves. the qualitative phytochemical investigation revealed ethanolic and aqueous extract of leaf contained a large number of plant secondary metabolites, which are of great therapeutic value. Therefore, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of P. betle Linn. leaves of Bangla variety can be used for isolating useful secondary plant metabolites for future drug discovery purpose.

Keywords: Epidermis, Mesophyll cells, Microscopy, Piperaceae, Piper betle, Standardization

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur G, Kaur H. Phytochemical screening, and extraction. Int Pharm Sci 2011;1:98-106.

Fabricant DS, Farnworth NR. The value of plants used in traditional medicines for drug discovery. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109:69-75.

Kumar N, Misra P, Dube A, Battacharya S, Dikshit M, Ranade SP. betle Linn. a maligned Pan-Asiatic plant with an array of pharmacological activities and prospects for drug discovery. Curr Sci 2010;99:922-32.

Kamboj VP. Herbal medicine. Curr Sci 2000;78:35-51.

Savithramma N, Rao ML, Suhrulatha D. Screening of medicinal plants for secondary metabolites. Middle-East J Sci Res 2011;8:579-84.

Parmar VS, Jain SC, Bisht KS, Jain R, Taneja P, Jha A, et al. Phytochemistry of the genus Piper. Phytochemistry 1997;46:597-73.

Chahal J, Ohlyan R, Kandale A, Walia A, Puri S. Introduction, phytochemistry, traditional uses and biological activity of genus Piper: a review. Int J Curr Pharm Rev Res 2011;2:130-44.

Rekha VPB, Koliipara M, Gupta BRSS, Bharath Y, Pulicherla KK. A review on Piper betle L.: nature’s promising medicinal reservoir. Am J Ethnomed 2014;1:276-89.

Ali I, Khan FG, Suri KA, Gupta BP, Satti NK, Dutt P, et al. In vitro antifungal activity of hydroxychavicol isolated from Piper betle L. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2010;9:1-9.

Chaurasia S, Kulkarni GT, Shetty LN. Phytochemical studies and In vitro cytotoxicity screening of Piper betle leaf (PBL) extract. Middle-East J Sci Res 2010;6:532-6.

Rai MP, Thilakchand KR, Palatty PL, Rao P, Rao S, Bhat HP. et al. Piper betel Linn. (Betel Vine), the maligned Southeast Asian medicinal plant possesses cancer preventive effects: time to reconsider the wronged opinion. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011;12:2149-56.

Pradhan D, Suri KA, Pradhan DK, Biswasroy P. Golden heart of the nature: Piper betle L. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2013;1:147-67.

The wealth of India: The dictionary of Indian raw material and industrial products. New Delhi: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; 2003.

Khare CP. Indian medicinal plants an illustrated dictionary. New York: Springer; 2007.

The wealth of India: The dictionary of Indian raw material and industrial products. New Delhi: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; 2009.

Datta A, Ghoshdastidar S, Singh M. Antimicrobial property of Piper betel leaf against clinical isolates of bacteria. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2011;2:104-9.

Al-Adhroey AH, Nor ZM, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Amran AA, Mahmud R. Antimalarial activity of a methanolic leaf extract of Piper betle L. Molecules 2011;16:107-18.

Alam MB, Akter F, Parvin N, Pia RS, Akter S, Chowdhury J, et al. Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves. Avicenna J Phytomed 2013;3:112-25.

Nilugal KC, Perumal K, Ugander RE, Chittor AI. Evaluation of wound healing activity of Piper betle leaves and stem extract in experimental wistar rats. Am J PharmTech Res 2014;4:443-52.

Majumdar B, Chaudhuri SGR, Ray A, Bandyopadhyay SK. Effect of ethanol extract of Piper betle Linn. leaf on the healing of NSAID-induced experimental ulcers-a novel role of free radical scavenging action. Indian J Exp Biol 2003;41:311-5.

Arambewela LSR, Arawwawala LDAM, Ratnasooriya WD. Antidiabetic activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Piper betle leaves in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;102:239-45.

Gautam A, Kashyap SJ, Sharma PK, Garg VK, Visht S, Kumar N. Identification, evaluation and standardization of herbal drugs: a review. Der Pharm Lett 2010;2:302-31.

Lakshmi BS, Naidu KC. Comparative morphoanatomy of piper betle L. in India. Ann Biol Res 2010;1:128-34.

Vasuki K, Senthamarai R, Kiruba TSV, Balasubramanian P, Selvadurai S. Pharmacognostical studies on leaf of Piper betle. Der Pharm Lett 2011;3:232-5.

Evans WC. Trease and evans pharmacognosy. 15th ed. Edinburgh London [NY]: Saunders Publication; 2002.

Khandelwal KR. Evaluation. In: Practical pharmacognosy. 23rd ed. Pune: Nirali Prakashan; 2013. p. 23,1-24.

Kokate CK. Plant constituents. In: Practical pharmacognosy. 4th ed. Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 2007. p. 107-11.

Mubeen M, Periyanayagam K, Basha SS. Anatomical investigation on the leaves of Piper betle (L.) var. Sirugamani 1(SGM1) links an ethnomedical important medicinal plant and its pharmacognostic relevance. Int J PharmaTech Res 2014;6:244-51.

Periyanayagam K, Jagadeesan M, Kavimani S, Vetrisalvan T. Pharmacognostical and phyto-physicochemical profile of the leaves of Piper betle L. var pachaikodi (Piperaceae)-valuable assessment of its quality. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2112;S-506-10.

Khan AA, Bhatnagar SP, Singha BN, Lal UR. Pharmacognostic specification of eight cultivars of Piper betle from the eastern region of India. Pharmacogn J 2013;5:176-83.

Published

01-05-2016

How to Cite

Saini, S., A. Dhiman, and S. Nanda. “PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF PIPER BETLE LINN LEAF”. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 8, no. 5, May 2016, pp. 222-6, https://journals.innovareacademics.in/index.php/ijpps/article/view/10524.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)