APPLICATIONS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN CLINICAL MEDICINE
Abstract
Gold based nanoparticles, owing to their unique optical properties at the nanoscale, biocompatibility, and rich surface chemistry, have attracted considerable attention from the material science and biomedical community. Although colloidal gold has been used since ancient times in various therapeutic applications, a better understanding of the physical attributes of nanosized gold has led to a burst of research activity in the past twenty years related to their synthesis and biomedical applications. Novel strategies for the synthesis of nanosized gold of various shapes and morphologies have been put forward, which includes nanospheres, nanorods, nanocages, nanoshells, etc. Both the absorption and scattering properties of nanosized gold, along with their facile conjugation with different biomolecules, has been exploited in the development of a number of bioanalytical assays and protocols, related to the quantification of nucleic acids, proteins, other small biomolecules, etc. In addition, gold nanoparticles are being increasingly used for in vivo imaging applications for the early diagnosis of cancer. Finally, gold nanoparticles are playing a significant role in nanotherapeutic applications, either as drug carriers or as the drug itself in light-activated photothermal therapy. Several gold-nanoparticle based Bioanalytical assays and therapeutic applications are in the active clinical development phase. This chapter will provide examples of the various biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles with potential for clinical translation.
Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Theranostics, SPR, Colorimetric biosensing, SERC, In vitro diagnostics, PTT, PDTDownloads
References
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