STUDY OF SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATIONS CONTAINING FICUS SPECIES
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims at screening the synergistic effect on the therapeutic efficiency of traditional herbal medicine Nalpamaradi Choorna and Nalpamaradi Keram, containing four Ficus species. The efficiency of formulations prepared by mixing crude drug is tested concerning their Antioxidant and Antibacterial activities. It will also provide and validate the use of these drugs in the current trend of targeted Combination Therapy for various neurodegenerative diseases.
Methods: The in-vitro studies of the methanol extracts of the barks of the four individual plants, their different combinations, and the choorna were conducted by DPPH method, and the obtained EC50 values were compared to evaluate the synergistic effect. The antibacterial activity of Nalpamaradi Keram and the four Ficus plants was tested against two microorganisms Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using agar well method.
Results: The formulation prepared by mixing equal proportions of the four plants exhibited maximum %AA value of 93.36 % and EC50 value 8.00 µg/ml while the marketed drug showed maximum % AA of 87.30 % and an EC50 value of 29.0µg/ml. The combination of Ficus bengalensis (F. ben), Ficus racemosa (F. rac) and Ficus religiosa (F. rel) demonstrated the maximum % AA of 92.35 % and a very low EC50 value of 6.00µg/ml. All the samples except Ficus microcarpa (F. mic) exhibited antibacterial property against both the bacteria. Nalpamaradi Keram has shown the zone of inhibition of 20.0 mm against S. aureus and 18.0 mm against E. coli.
Conclusion: The present investigation justifies the traditional use of these medicinal plants as antibacterial and antioxidant agents and validates their synergistic effect with improved activity in the formulations. Therefore, it is judicious to mix all the four Ficus species in the formulation of Nalpamaradi choorna and Nalpamaradi keram.
Keywords: Antioxidant and synergistic activity, Antimicrobial activity, Ficus species, Polyherbal formulations, Radio protectivity
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