TRANSFERSOMAL GEL CONTAINING GREEN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS L. KUNTZE) LEAVES EXTRACT: INCREASING IN VITRO PENETRATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.19124Keywords:
Epigallocatechin gallate, Green tea leaves extract, In vitro penetration test, Transfersomes, Transfersomal gelAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to increase penetration of EGCG from green tea leaves extract (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntz) through the skin by formulating them into a transfersomal gel.
Methods: Transfersomes were prepared by thin-layer hydration method, with different concentration of the extract that equivalent to 1% (F1), 1.5% (F2), and 2% (F3) EGCG. Transfersomes formula with good characteristics would be incorporated into a gel formulation. A gel without transfersomes prepared as a control of comparison. Both of gels were evaluated their physicochemical properties. In vitro penetration test using Franz diffusion cell with the skin of female Sprague-Dawley rats was also performed.
Results: The results showed that F1 had the best physicochemical properties. F1 had a spherical shape, Dmean volume at 107.82±0.44 nm, polidispersity index at 0.07±0.01, zeta potential at -40.3±0.10 mV, and entrapment efficiency at 63.16±0.65%. Cumulative amount of EGCG penetrated from transfersomal and non-transfersomal gel were were 1302.63±20.67 μg/cm2 and 414.86±4.40 μg/cm2, resepctively (P<0.05). Flux penetration of transfersomal and non-transfersomal gel were was 57.594±0.91 μg/cm2.h and 36.144±1.22 μg/cm2.h, respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that transfersomal gel could increase the in vitro penetration of EGCG from green tea leaves extract compared to non-transfersomal one.
Â
Downloads
References
Sachan R, Tarun P, Soniya S, Vishal S, Gaurav S, Satyanand T, et al. Drug carrier transfersomes: A novel tool for transdermal drug delivery system. Int J Res Dev Pharm Life Sci 2013;2(2):309-16.
Hirva S, Jenisha P. Bicelle: A lipid nanostructure for transdermal delivery. J Crit Rev 2016;3(2):17-22.
Gupta NK, Dixit VK. Development and evaluation of vesicular system for curcumin delivery. Arch Dermatol Res 2011;303(2):89-101.
Elnaggar YS, El-Refaie WM, El-Massik MA, Abdallah OY. Lecithin-based nanostructured gels for skin delivery: An update on state of art and recent applications. J Control Release 2014;180:10-24.
Scognamiglio I, De Stefano D, Campani V, Mayol L, Carnuccio R, Fabbrocini G, et al. Nanocarriers for topical administration of resveratrol: A comparative study. Int J Pharm 2013;440(2):179-87.
Benson HA. Transfersomes for transdermal drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2006;3(6):727-37.
Gupta A, Aggarwal G, Singla S, Arora R. Transfersomes: A novel vesicular carrier for enhanced transdermal delivery of sertraline: Development, characterization, and performance evaluation. Sci Pharm 2012;80(4):1061-80.
Sarmah P, Bhupen K, Anil KS. Transfersomes based transdermal drug delivery: An overview. Int J Adv Pharm Res 2013;12:2555-63.
Leuva S, Trust P, Mahila P. Development and characterization of curcumin loaded transfersome for transdermal delivery. J Pharm Sci Res 2009;1(4):71-80.
Namita P, Mukesh R, Vijay KJ. Camellia sinensis (green tea): A review. Glob J Pharmacol 2012;6(2):52-9.
Sharangi AB. Medicinal and therapeutic potentialities of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) - A review. Food Res Int 2009;42(5-6):529-35.
Anand J, Upadhaya B, Rawat P, Rai N. Biochemical characterization and pharmacognosy evaluation of purified catechins in green tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars in India. 3 Biotech 2015;5(3):285-94.
Legeay S, Rodier M, Fillon L, Faure S, Clere, N. Epigallocatechin gallate: A review of its beneficial properties to prevent metabolic syndrome. Nutrients 2015;7(7):5443-68.
Mereles D, Hunstein W. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for clinical trials: More pitfalls than promises? Int J Mol Sci 2011;12:5592-603.
Sharma A, Saini S, Rana AC. Transdermal drug delivery system: A review. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci 2013;4(1):286-92.
Bhalaria MK, Naik S, Misra AN. Ethosome: A novel delivery system for antifungal drugs in the treatment of topical fungal disease. Indian J Exp Biol 2009;47(5):368-75.
Avadhani KS, Manikkath J, Tiwari M, Chandrasekhar M, Godavarthi A, Vidya SM, et al. Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage. Drug Deliv 2017;24(1):61-74.
Laxmi MV, Zafaruddin Md, Kuchana V. Design and characterization of transfersomal gel of repaglinide. Int Res J Pharm 2015;6(1):37-41.
Kulkarni R, Yadav JD, Vaidya KA, Gandhi PP. Transferosomes: An emerging tool for effective transdermal drug delivery. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2011;2(4):735-41.
Duangjit S, Opanasopit P, Rojanarata T, Ngawhirunpat T. Evaluation of meloxicam-loaded cationic transfersomes as transdermal drug delivery carriers. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013;14(1):133-40.
Walve JR, Bakliwal SR, Rane BR, Pawar SP. Transfersomes: A surrogated carrier for transdermal drug delivery system. Int J Appl Biol Pharm Technol 2011;2:204-13.
Chaudhary H, Kohli K, Kumar V. Nano-transfersomes as a novel carrier for transdermal delivery. Int J Pharm 2013;454(1):367-80.
Doaa AH, Dalia AE, Sally A, Mohamed AE. Formulation and evaluation of fluconazole topical gel. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;4(5):176-83.
Nash RA. Pharmaceutical Dosage form, Disperse System. Vol. 2. New York: St. John’s University Jamaica; 2009. p. 38-9, 206-17, 193-4.
Jacob L, Anop KR. A review on surfactants as edge activators in ultradeformable vesicles for enhanced skin delivery. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2013;4(3):337-44.
Patel R, Singh SK, Singh S, Sheth NR, Gendle R. Development and characterization of curcumin loaded transfersome for transdermal delivery. J Pharm Sci Res 2009;1(4):71-80.
Ramadon D, Aisha GW, Anwar E. Novel transdermal ethosomal gel containing green tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) leaves extract: Formulation and in-vitro penetration study. J Y Pharm 2017;9(3):1-5.
Malvern I. Dynamic Light Scattering. New York: Plenum Press; 2011. p. 1-6.
Shiny A, Toomu MC, Dhurke RK. Enhanced dermal delivery of nadifloxacin using liposomes. Int J Appl Pharm 2016;8(4):53-9.
Bajaj S, Dinesh S, Neha S. Stability testing of pharmaceutical products. J Appl Pharm Sci 2012;2(3):129-38.
Batchelder RJ, Calder RJ, Thomas CP, Heard CM. In vitro transdermal delivery of the major catechins and caffeine from extract of Camellia sinensis. Int J Pharm 2004;283(1-2):45-51.
Bonacucina G, Martelli S, Palmieri GF. Rheological, mucoadhesive and release properties of carbopol gels in hydrophilic cosolvents. Int J Pharm 2004;282(1-2):115-30.
A-sasutjarit R, Sirivat A, Vayumhasuwan P. Viscoelastic properties of carbopol 940 gels and their relationships to piroxicam diffusion coefficients in gel bases. Pharm Res 2005;22(12):2134-40.
Tamburic S, Craig DQ. The effects of ageing on the rheological, dielectric and mucoadhesive properties of poly(acrylic acid) gel systems. Pharm Res 1996;13(2):279-83.
Kalyani V, Babu KM, Kishore M. Transfersomes: An emerging tool for effective transdermal drug delivery. J Chem Pharm Sci 2014;7:236-41.
Malakar J, Sen SO, Nayak AK, Sen KK. Formulation, optimization and evaluation of transferosomal gel for transdermal insulin delivery. Saudi Pharm J 2012;20(4):355-63.
Prajapati ST, Patel CG, Patel CN. Transfersomes: A vesicular carrier system for transdermal drug delivery. Asian J Biochem Pharm Res 2011;2(2):507-24.
Shaji J, Maria LA. Novel double loaded transferosomes: Evidence of superior anti-inflammatory efficacy - A comparative study. Int J Cur Pharm Res 2014;6(2):16-25.
Girhepunjel K, Kinikar D, Pal R. Transfersomes: A novel carrier for enhancer dermal delivery drug. World J Pharm Res 2014;3(2):2003-9.
Setty CM, Babubhai SR, Pathan IB. Development of valdecoxib topical gels: Effect of formulation variables on the release of valdecoxib. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2010;2 Suppl 1:70-3.
Misal G, Dixit G, Gulkari V. Formulation and evaluation of herbal gel. Indian J Nat Prod Res 2012;3(4):501-5.
Chandrashekar NS, Shobha Rani RH. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters in drug selection and loading for transdermal drug delivery. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008;70(1):94-6.
Anwar E, Ramadon D, Harmita H. Formulation and evaluation of gel and emulgel of chili extract (Capsicum frutescens L.) As topical dosage forms. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6 Suppl 3:13-6.
Pednekar A, Dandagi P, Gadad A, Mastiholimath V. Formulation and characterisation of meloxicam loaded emulgel for topical application. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7(11):216-22.
Garg AK, Negi LM, Chauhan M. Gel containing ethosomal vesicles for transdermal delivery of aceclofenac. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2010;2 Suppl 2:102-8.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
